Analgesic Use in Patients during Cardio-Pulmonary Resuscitation

Abstract

Introduction: Cardiopulmonary resuscitation-induced consciousness is a newly recognized phenomenon with an increasing incidence. A return of consciousness during cardiopulmonary resuscitation affects up to 0.9% of cases. Patients may also experience physical pain associated with chest compressions, as most victims of cardiac arrest who are subjected to resuscitative efforts sustain ribs or sternum fractures. Methods: A rapid review was carried out from August 2021 to December 2022. Results: Thirty-two articles were included in the rapid review. Of these, eleven studies focused on the return of consciousness during CPR, and twenty-one on CPR-induced chest injuries. Conclusion: A small number of studies that have dealt with the return of consciousness associated with cardiopulmonary resuscitation made it hard to clearly determine how often this occurs. There were more studies that dealt with chest trauma during resuscitation, but no study considered the use of analgesics. Of note, there was no standardized therapeutic approach as far as the use of analgesics and/or sedatives was considered. This is probably due to the lack of guidelines for analgesic management during cardiopulmonary resuscitation and peri-resuscitative period.