Diné (Navajo) Traditional Knowledge Holders’ Perspective of COVID-19

Author:

Kahn Carmella B.1,James DeeDee2,George Shawndeena3,Johnson Tressica3,Kahn-John Michelle4,Teufel-Shone Nicolette I.2ORCID,Begay Chassity2,Tutt Marissa2,Bauer Mark C.3

Affiliation:

1. College of Population Health, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA

2. Center for Health Equity and Research, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, AZ 86011, USA

3. Public Health Program, Diné College, Shiprock, NM 87420, USA

4. School of Nursing, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA

Abstract

From the start of the COVID-19 pandemic on the Navajo Nation, Diné (Navajo) traditional knowledge holders (TKHs), such as medicine men and women and traditional practitioners, contributed their services and healing practices. Although TKHs are not always fully acknowledged in the western health care system, they have an established role to protect and promote the health of Diné people. To date, their roles in mitigating the COVID-19 pandemic have not been fully explored. The purpose of this research was to understand the social and cultural contexts of the COVID-19 pandemic and vaccines based on the roles and perspectives of Diné TKHs. A multi-investigator consensus analysis was conducted by six American Indian researchers using interviews with TKHs collected between December 2021–January 2022. The Hózhó Resilience Model was used as a framework to analyze the data using four parent themes: COVID-19, harmony and relationships, spirituality, and respect for self and discipline. These parent themes were further organized into promoters and/or barriers for 12 sub-themes that emerged from the data, such as traditional knowledge, Diné identity, and vaccine. Overall, the analysis showed key factors that could be applied in pandemic planning and public health mitigation efforts based on the cultural perspective of TKHs.

Funder

National Institute of General Medical Sciences of the National Institutes of Health

Publisher

MDPI AG

Subject

Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis,Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health

Reference53 articles.

1. COVID-19 Exacerbating Inequalities in the US;Cooney;Lancet,2020

2. Indian Health Service (2022, November 09). Navajo Area, Available online: https://www.ihs.gov/navajo/.

3. Becenti, A. (2022, October 17). Diné Enrolled Population Increases to 399,494. Navajo Times. Available online: https://navajotimes.com/reznews/dine-enrolled-population-increases-to-399494/.

4. Maryboy, N.C., and Begay, D. (2022, November 09). The Navajos of Utah. Issuu. Available online: https://issuu.com/utah10/docs/history_of_utah_s_american_indians/s/10997.

5. Confronting Legacies of Structural Racism and Settler Colonialism to Understand COVID-19 Impacts on the Navajo Nation;Emerson;Am. J. Public Health,2021

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