Trajectories of Seroprevalence and Neutralizing Activity of Antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 in Southern Switzerland between July 2020 and July 2021: An Ongoing, Prospective Population-Based Cohort Study
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Published:2023-02-19
Issue:4
Volume:20
Page:3703
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ISSN:1660-4601
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Container-title:International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
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language:en
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Short-container-title:IJERPH
Author:
Amati Rebecca1ORCID, Piumatti Giovanni2, Franscella Giovanni1, Buttaroni Peter3, Camerini Anne-Linda1ORCID, Corna Laurie4, Levati Sara4, Fadda Marta1ORCID, Fiordelli Maddalena15ORCID, Annoni Anna Maria1ORCID, Bezani Kleona1, Amendola Antonio4, Fragoso Corti Cristina6, Sabatini Serena1ORCID, Kaufmann Marco7ORCID, Frei Anja7ORCID, Puhan Milo Alan7, Crivelli Luca14ORCID, Albanese Emiliano1,
Affiliation:
1. Institute of Public Health, Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Università della Svizzera italiana, 6900 Lugano, Switzerland 2. Fondazione Agnelli, 10125 Turin, Italy 3. Faculty of Informatics, Università della Svizzera italiana, 6900 Lugano, Switzerland 4. Department of Business Economics, Health and Social Care, University of Applied Sciences and Arts of Southern Switzerland, 6928 Manno, Switzerland 5. Department of Health Sciences, University of Lucerne, 6002 Lucerne, Switzerland 6. Institute of Microbiology, University of Applied Sciences and Arts of Southern Switzerland, 6501 Bellinzona, Switzerland 7. Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Prevention Institute, University of Zurich, 8001 Zurich, Switzerland
Abstract
Objectives: The COVID-19 pandemic continues, and evidence on infection- and vaccine-induced immunity is key. We assessed COVID-19 immunity and the neutralizing antibody response to virus variants across age groups in the Swiss population. Study Design: We conducted a cohort study in representative community-dwelling residents aged five years or older in southern Switzerland (total population 353,343), and we collected blood samples in July 2020 (in adults only, N = 646), November–December 2020 (N = 1457), and June–July 2021 (N = 885). Methods: We used a previously validated Luminex assay to measure antibodies targeting the spike (S) and the nucleocapsid (N) proteins of the virus and a high-throughput cell-free neutralization assay optimized for multiple spike protein variants. We calculated seroprevalence with a Bayesian logistic regression model accounting for the population’s sociodemographic structure and the test performance, and we compared the neutralizing activity between vaccinated and convalescent participants across virus variants. Results: The overall seroprevalence was 7.8% (95% CI: 5.4–10.4) by July 2020 and 20.2% (16.4–24.4) by December 2020. By July 2021, the overall seroprevalence increased substantially to 72.5% (69.1–76.4), with the highest estimates of 95.6% (92.8–97.8) among older adults, who developed up to 10.3 more antibodies via vaccination than after infection compared to 3.7 times more in adults. The neutralizing activity was significantly higher for vaccine-induced than infection-induced antibodies for all virus variants (all p values < 0.037). Conclusions: Vaccination chiefly contributed to the reduction in immunonaive individuals, particularly those in older age groups. Our findings on the greater neutralizing activity of vaccine-induced antibodies than infection-induced antibodies are greatly informative for future vaccination campaigns.
Funder
Swiss School of Public Health Ceresio Foundation
Subject
Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis,Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health
Reference81 articles.
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