Anisotropic Cosmological Model in a Modified Theory of Gravitation

Abstract

Current observations indicate that, on a large enough scale, the universe is homogeneous and isotropic. However, this does not preclude the possibility of some anisotropy having occurred during the early stages of the evolution of the universe, which could then have been damped out later. This idea has aroused interest in the Bianchi models, which are homogeneous but anisotropic. Secondly, there is much interest in modified gravity these days due to the problems that the usual ΛCDM model faces in general relativity. Hence, in this paper, a study was conducted on the Bianchi type-I cosmological model in f(R,T)-modified gravity. Following some ideas from cosmography, a specific form of the deceleration parameter was assumed, leading to a model that exhibited a transition from early deceleration to late-time acceleration. The derived model approached isotropy at late times. The physical properties of the model were discussed, and expressions for the various parameters of the model were derived. It is also possible to make progress towards solving the cosmological constant problem, since in this model in f(R,T) gravity, a variable cosmological-type parameter arose, which was large early on but decreased to a constant value in later times.