Tracking Supermassive Black Hole Mergers from kpc to sub-pc Scales with AXIS

Author:

Foord Adi1ORCID,Cappelluti Nico2ORCID,Liu Tingting3,Volonteri Marta4,Habouzit Melanie56,Pacucci Fabio78ORCID,Marchesi Stefano91011,Chen Nianyi12,Di Matteo Tiziana12,Mallick Labani131415ORCID,Koss Michael16

Affiliation:

1. Department of Physics, University of Maryland Baltimore County, 1000 Hilltop Cir, Baltimore, MD 21250, USA

2. Department of Physics, University of Miami, 1320 Campo Sano Drive, Coral Gables, FL 33124, USA

3. Department of Physics and Astronomy, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26506, USA

4. Institut d’Astrophysique de Paris, CNRS and Sorbonne Université, UMR 7095, 98 bis Boulevard Arago, 75014 Paris, France

5. Zentrum für Astronomie der Universität Heidelberg, ITA, Albert-Ueberle-Str. 2, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany

6. Max-Planck-Institut für Astronomie, Königstuhl 17, D-69117 Heidelberg, Germany

7. Center for Astrophysics, Harvard University & Smithsonian, 60 Garden Str., Cambridge, MA 02138, USA

8. Black Hole Initiative, Harvard University, 20 Garden Str., Cambridge, MA 02138, USA

9. Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia (DIFA), Università di Bologna, Via Gobetti 93/2, I-40129 Bologna, Italy

10. Department of Physics and Astronomy, Clemson University, of Physics, Clemson, SC 29634, USA

11. INAF—Osservatorio di Astrofisica e Scienza dello Spazio di Bologna, Via Piero Gobetti, 93/3, 40129 Bologna, Italy

12. McWilliams Center for Cosmology, Department of Physics, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA

13. Department of Physics & Astronomy, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada

14. Canadian Institute for Theoretical Astrophysics, University of Toronto, 60 St George Str., Toronto, ON M5S 3H8, Canada

15. Cahill Center for Astronomy and Astrophysics, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA

16. Eureka Scientific, 2452 Delmer Str. Suite 100, Oakland, CA 94602, USA

Abstract

We present an analysis showcasing how the Advanced X-ray Imaging Satellite (AXIS), a proposed NASA Probe-class mission, will significantly increase our understanding of supermassive black holes undergoing mergers—from kpc to sub-pc scales. In particular, the AXIS point spread function, field of view, and effective area are expected to result in (1) the detection of hundreds to thousands of new dual AGNs across the redshift range 0<z<5 and (2) blind searches for binary AGNs that are exhibiting merger signatures in their light curves and spectra. AXIS will detect some of the highest-redshift dual AGNs to date, over a large range of physical separations. The large sample of AGN pairs detected by AXIS (over a magnitude more than currently known) will result in the first X-ray study that quantifies the frequency of dual AGNs as a function of redshift up to z=4.

Publisher

MDPI AG

Reference156 articles.

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