Polaron Dynamics in a Quasi-Two-Dimensional Bose–Einstein Condensate

Abstract

The concept of polaron quasiparticles was first introduced in the pioneering papers by Landau and Feynman in the 1930s and 1940s. It describes the phenomenon of an external particle producing a bound state in an embedded medium. Since then, the study of polaron quasiparticles has been an active area of research in condensed matter physics, with a wide range of applications in magnetic phenomena and lattice deformation properties. In this paper, we provide a comprehensive review of the polaron quasiparticle phenomenon, including its historical origins, theoretical developments, and current research. We also study the various applications of polaron quasiparticles in condensed matter physics, including in magnetic phenomena and lattice deformation properties. The review concludes with an outlook on future directions of research in this field. In particular, we study the motion of external embedded particles in a quasi-two-dimensional Bose–Einstein condensate confined by the quantum harmonic oscillator. We found that the dynamics of attracting particles with static Bose–Einstein condensate exhibit circular and precessional elliptic trajectories due to centripetal force. Polaron-forming embedded particles in the condensate lead to a strongly nonlinear trajectory of the polaron and dynamics of condensate depending on the initial parameters of the condensate and polaron.