Cosmological Model with Interconnection between Dark Energy and Matter

Abstract

It is accepted in the present cosmology model that the scalar field, which is responsible for the inflation stage in the early universe, transforms completely into matter, and the accelerated universe expansion is presently governed by dark energy (DE), whose origin is not connected with the inflationary scalar field. We suppose here that dark matter (DM) has a common origin with a small variable component of dark energy (DEV). We suggest that DE may presently have two components, one of which is the Einstein constant Λ, and another, smaller component DEV (ΛV) comes from the remnants of the scalar field responsible for inflation, which gave birth to the origin of presently existing matter. In this note we consider only the stages of the universe expansion after recombination, z≃1100, when DM was the most abundant component of the matter, therefore we suggest for simplicity that a connection exists between DM and DEV so that the ratio of their densities remains constant over all the stages after recombination, ρDM=αρDEV, with a constant α. One of the problems revealed recently in cosmology is a so-called Hubble tension (HT), which is the difference between values of the present Hubble constant, measured by observation of the universe at redshift z≲1, and by observations of a distant universe with CMB fluctuations originated at z∼1100. In this paper we suggest that this discrepancy may be explained by deviation of the cosmological expansion from a standard Lambda-CDM model of a flat universe, due to the action of an additional variable component DEV. Taking into account the influence of DEV on the universe’s expansion, we find the value of α that could remove the HT problem. In order to maintain the almost constant DEV/DM energy density ratio during the time interval at z<1100, we suggest the existence of a wide mass DM particle distribution.