The Cardiovascular Risk Awareness and Health Lifestyle of Italian Women
-
Published:2024-05-31
Issue:11
Volume:13
Page:3253
-
ISSN:2077-0383
-
Container-title:Journal of Clinical Medicine
-
language:en
-
Short-container-title:JCM
Author:
Lillo Adele1, Antoncecchi Ettore2, Antoncecchi Valeria1, Zito Giovanni Battista3,
Affiliation:
1. Outpatient Cardiology Ospedale “Fallacara” Triggiano, 70019 Triggiano (BA), Italy 2. Poliambulatorio Medigea, 70026 Modugno (BA), Italy 3. Cardiology Service, Local Health Unit (LHU) Naples 3 South, Associazioni Regionali Cardiologi Ambulatoriali (A.R.C.A.), 80045 Rome, Italy
Abstract
Background: Cardiovascular (CV) disease is the leading cause of death in women, but few of them are aware of the CV risks (CVRs). Most women are not aware of all the CV risk factorsand their knowledge often still does not improve their lifestyle. Methods: The Carin Women is a survey conducted among Italian women by filling out a questionnaire in the waiting rooms of clinics. The aim was to determine the level of awareness of women’s cardiovascular risk, knowledge of risk factors, and lifestyle. A total of 5590 questionnaires were completed in two different periods. Results: Median age was 56 (IQR 46–65); BMI was 25 (IQR 22–29). Schooling, marital status, and rate of risk conditions were assessed; 311 women (5.57%) had already suffered a cardiovascular event. The relationship between the CV events and the number of traditional risk factors was significant. A similar curve, but without significant differences, was reported for non-traditional risk factors. From the total number of women, 23% with a high CVR and 62% with a very high CVR underestimated thei risk regardless of their level of education. Up to 43% of women underestimated female CV risk compared to male risk. Women showed a good knowledge of traditional risk factors, but only a few of them had a healthy lifestyle: 21.86% were smokers, only 45.88% performed sufficient physical activity, 27.55% did not recognize they were overweight, and only 30.4% consumed more than two daily portions of fruit and vegetables. Most women (86%) need more information about CVR. Conclusions: Italian women underestimate female CVRs and their own CVR.
Reference26 articles.
1. The Lancet women and cardiovascular disease Commission: Reducing the global burden by 2030;Vogel;Lancet,2021 2. Cigarette smoking as a risk factor for coronary heart disease in women compared with men: A systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies;Huxley;Lancet,2011 3. Differenze di genere nella cardiopatia ischemica;Lodi;G. Ital. Dell’aterosclerosi,2021 4. Oertelt-Prigione, S., Seeland, U., Kendel, F., Rücke, M., Flöel, A., Gaissmaier, W., Heim, C., Schnabel, R., Stangl, V., and Regitz-Zagrosek, V. (2015). Cardiovascular risk factors distribution and subjective risk estimation in urban women–the BEFRI study. BMC Med., 13. 5. Maffei, S., Meloni, A., Deidda, M., Sciomer, S., Cugusi, L., Cadeddu, C., Gallina, S., Franchini, M., Scambia, G., and Mattioli, A.V. (2022). Cardiovascular Risk Perception and Knowledge among Italian Women: Lessons from IGENDA Protocol. J. Clin. Med., 11.
|
|