Earthquake Magnitude and Frequency Forecasting in Northeastern Algeria using Time Series Analysis

Author:

Merdasse Mouna1,Hamdache Mohamed2ORCID,Peláez José A.3ORCID,Henares Jesús4,Medkour Tarek5

Affiliation:

1. Department of Probability and Statistics, Faculty of Mathematics, University of Sciences USTHB, Algiers 16111, Algeria

2. Seismological Survey Department, CRAAG, Algiers 16032, Algeria

3. Department of Physics, University of Jaén, 23071 Jaén, Spain

4. International University of La Rioja, 26006 La Rioja, Spain

5. Department of Intelligent Systems Engineering, National School of Artificial Intelligence, Algiers 16309, Algeria

Abstract

This study uses two different time series forecasting approaches (parametric and non-parametric) to assess a frequency and magnitude forecasting of earthquakes above Mw 4.0 in Northeastern Algeria. The Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA) model encompasses the parametric approach, while the non-parametric method employs the Singular Spectrum Analysis (SSA) approach. The ARIMA and SSA models were then used to train and forecast the annual number of earthquakes and annual maximum magnitude events occurring in Northeastern Algeria between 1910 and 2019, including 287 main events larger than Mw 4.0. The SSA method is used as a forecasting algorithm in this case, and the results are compared to those obtained by the ARIMA model. Based on the root mean square error (RMSE) criterion, the SSA forecasting model appears to be more appropriate than the ARIMA model. The consistency between the observation and the forecast is analyzed using a statistical test in terms of the total number of events, denoted as N-test. As a result, the findings indicate that the annual maximum magnitude in Northeastern Algeria between 2020 and 2030 will range from Mw 4.8 to Mw 5.1, while between four and six events with a magnitude of at least Mw 4.0 will occur annually.

Publisher

MDPI AG

Subject

Fluid Flow and Transfer Processes,Computer Science Applications,Process Chemistry and Technology,General Engineering,Instrumentation,General Materials Science

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5. The Algiers, Algeria earthquake (Mw 6.8) of 21 May 2003: Preliminary report;Hamdache;Seismol. Res. Lett.,2004

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