Affiliation:
1. Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation in Mountainous Region (Ministry of Education), Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
2. School of Liquor and Food Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
3. National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center for the Exploitation of Homology Resources of Medicine and Food, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
Abstract
The State Council of China has called for the comprehensive development and utilization of Acer truncatum resources. However, research on one of its by-products, namely seed oil residue (ASR), from seed oil extraction is seriously insufficient, resulting in a waste of these precious resources. We aimed to optimize the conditions of ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) using a response surface methodology to obtain high acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitory components from ASR and to tentatively identify the active metabolites in ASR using non-targeted metabolomics. Based on the results of the independent variables test, the interaction effects of three key extracting variables, including methanol concentration, ultrasonic time, and material-to-liquid ratio, were further investigated using the Box–Behnken design (BBD) to obtain prior active components with high AChE inhibitory activity. UPLC-QTOF-MS combined with a multivariate method was used to analyze the metabolites in ASR and investigate the causes of activity differences. Based on the current study, the optimal conditions for UAE were as follows: methanol concentration of 85.06%, ultrasonic time of 39.1 min, and material-to-liquid ratio of 1.06:10 (g/mL). Under these optimal conditions, the obtained extracts show strong inhibitions against AChE with half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) values ranging from 0.375 to 0.459 µg/mL according to an Ellman’s method evaluation. Furthermore, 55 metabolites were identified from the ASR extracted using methanol in different concentrations, and 9 biomarkers were subsequently identified as potential compounds responsible for the observed AChE inhibition. The active extracts have potential to be used for the development of functional foods with positive effects on Alzheimer’s disease owing to their high AChE inhibition activity. Altogether, this study provides insights into promoting the comprehensive utilization of A. truncatum resources.
Funder
Guizhou Science and Technology Agency
Basic Scientific Research Program from Guizhou Science and Technology Agency
Natural Science Foundation for First-class Disciplines Special Program of Guizhou University
Youth Talent Improving Program of Guizhou University
National Innovation and Entrepreneurship Research Training Program for College Students
Subject
Plant Science,Health Professions (miscellaneous),Health (social science),Microbiology,Food Science
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