Assessment Environmental Sustainability and Gender Equality through Crops Livestock Investment Worldwide

Abstract

Resilient crop-livestock production systems become crucial to face environmental challenges such as climate mitigation. Progress in the SDG 2.4.1 indicator (proportion of agricultural area under productive and sustainable agriculture) requires robustness, adaptability, and transformation. Most literature considers gender equality and crops livestock investment as drivers to environmental sustainability. In Cosculluela-Martínez (2020), the productivity and the employing capacity of the investment in agricultural capital stock has been analyzed. However, nobody has examined the long and short-run effects on climate change and the gender gap of investing in the crop-livestock production system’s assets. In this paper, the investment’s empowerment is assessed by estimating the impact of an investment in capital stock on climate, gender gap drop-down, and production through a Vector Error Correction Model. To reduce the gender gap in the agricultural sector in 8 of the 11 countries. Policy and implications of different weights in the distribution of the investment of European Funds are discussed.