The Influence of Coordinative Skills on the Oral Health of Children and Adolescents in Permanent Dentition

Abstract

Removing dental plaque by using a toothbrush is the most important measure for oral hygiene. The aim of the present study was to estimate the impact of the coordination skills of children and adolescents on their oral health (plaque level, DMF/T: decayed, missing, filled teeth). Within a prospective cohort study, 996 children (10 to 18 years) were examined. The results of three coordination tests from the Motorik Modul (MoMo) were included to evaluate the coordination skills. Other parameters taken into account were age, sex, orthodontic treatment and socioeconomic status (SES). Univariate and various multivariate analyses were performed to evaluate relationships. Better results in precision coordination tests were significantly related to a better oral hygiene (backward balancing: logistic regression OR 0.86, 95%CI: 0.73–0.99, p = 0.051, proportional odds model OR 0.86, 95%CI: 0.75–0.99, p = 0.037; one-leg-stand: logistic regression OR 0.78, 95%CI: 0.63–0.96, p = 0.018, proportional odds model OR 0.77, 95%CI: 0.64–0.92, p = 0.003). Higher scores on one-leg-stand were significantly related to a lower caries prevalence (logistic regression OR 0.81, 95%CI: 0.66–0.99, p = 0.037; Poisson regression exp(ß) 0.82, 95%CI: 0.74–0.91, p < 0.001). Coordination test under a time constraint (jumping side-to-side) showed no significant relation. Oral hygiene was poorer in younger children, boys and low SES. Caries prevalence increased with low SES and increasing age. The present results suggest that oral health is influenced by coordinative skills.