Atypical Presentation of a Maxillary Chondroblastic Osteosarcoma and Complex Management

Abstract

We report a rare case of a 23-year-old male who presented with a four-week history of unilateral recurrent epistaxis and nasal obstruction. This was subsequently diagnosed as high-grade chondroblastic osteosarcoma of the maxillary antrum. Neo-adjuvant chemotherapy was commenced following a multidisciplinary team discussion. The disease progressed through first-line treatment. A radical surgical resection was not possible, and a palliative debulking procedure was performed. The literature comprehensively points towards an early surgical resection with suitable margins at the earliest possible stage. This case highlights that osteosarcoma of the maxilla can be challenging to diagnose and manage. Thus, a high index of suspicion and an early referral to a head and neck specialist is imperative to improve the long-term prognosis in such patients.