Development and Validation of Flaxseed Lignan-Enriched Set-Type Fermented Milk to Manage Postmenopausal Osteoporosis

Author:

Thomas Elizabeth1,Panjagari Narender Raju1ORCID,Ganguly Sangita1,Deepika Sameni2,Kapila Suman2ORCID,Singh Ashish Kumar1

Affiliation:

1. Dairy Technology Division, National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal 132001, Haryana, India

2. Animal Biochemistry Division, National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal 132001, Haryana, India

Abstract

A functional set dahi (fermented milk analogous to yoghurt) with a desirable probiotic (Lactiplantibacillus plantarum A5) count of 9.36 log CFU/mL and excellent techno-functional attributes (DPPH: 41.95% RSA, firmness: 485.49 g, sensory overall acceptability: 8.51) was developed to contain 260 mg of SDG in 20 g of dahi. Twenty-four female Albino Wistar rats (3 months old, >180 g) were ovariectomized (OVX) and divided into three groups: OVX control, OVX and control dahi, and OVX and SDG-enriched dahi. The animal study found that ovariectomy decreased serum calcium, oestrogen, and bone ash calcium levels by 32.27, 30.95, and 48.46 percent, respectively, compared to the sham group (n = 8), while daily administration of SDG-enriched dahi (20 g) for eight weeks restored them. The proximal tibial metaphysis and distal femoral epiphysis micro-CT study showed that the ovariectomy lowered bone mineral density (BMD) by 11.06% and 9.18%, respectively, and lowered Trabecular thickness (Tb. Th) by 12.66% and 11.86%, respectively, while increasing Trabecular separation (Tb. Sp.) by 90.69% and 87.70%, respectively, compared to the sham control-group rats. SDG-enriched dahi improved BMD by 16.06 and 12.24% and Tb. Th by 35.32 and 19.62%, respectively, and decreased Tb. Sp by 47.04 and 47.22%, respectively, in OVX rats. The results suggest that the developed set dahi may help treat postmenopausal osteoporosis.

Funder

Department of Science and Technology, Ministry of Science and Technology, Government of India

Publisher

MDPI AG

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