Dietary Epigenetic Modulators: Unravelling the Still-Controversial Benefits of miRNAs in Nutrition and Disease
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Published:2024-01-03
Issue:1
Volume:16
Page:160
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ISSN:2072-6643
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Container-title:Nutrients
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language:en
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Short-container-title:Nutrients
Author:
Martino Elisa1ORCID, D’Onofrio Nunzia1ORCID, Balestrieri Anna2ORCID, Colloca Antonino1, Anastasio Camilla1, Sardu Celestino3ORCID, Marfella Raffaele3ORCID, Campanile Giuseppe4ORCID, Balestrieri Maria1ORCID
Affiliation:
1. Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, 80138 Naples, Italy 2. Food Safety Department, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Mezzogiorno, 80055 Portici, Italy 3. Department of Advanced Clinical and Surgical Sciences, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, 80138 Naples, Italy 4. Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, University of Naples Federico II, 80137 Naples, Italy
Abstract
In the context of nutrient-driven epigenetic alterations, food-derived miRNAs can be absorbed into the circulatory system and organs of recipients, especially humans, and potentially contribute to modulating health and diseases. Evidence suggests that food uptake, by carrying exogenous miRNAs (xenomiRNAs), regulates the individual miRNA profile, modifying the redox homeostasis and inflammatory conditions underlying pathological processes, such as type 2 diabetes mellitus, insulin resistance, metabolic syndrome, and cancer. The capacity of diet to control miRNA levels and the comprehension of the unique characteristics of dietary miRNAs in terms of gene expression regulation show important perspectives as a strategy to control disease susceptibility via epigenetic modifications and refine the clinical outcomes. However, the absorption, stability, availability, and epigenetic roles of dietary miRNAs are intriguing and currently the subject of intense debate; additionally, there is restricted knowledge of their physiological and potential side effects. Within this framework, we provided up-to-date and comprehensive knowledge on dietary miRNAs’ potential, discussing the latest advances and controversial issues related to the role of miRNAs in human health and disease as modulators of chronic syndromes.
Funder
Italian Ministry of Health-RC Ministero dell’Università e della Ricerca Ministero dello Sviluppo Economico
Subject
Food Science,Nutrition and Dietetics
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