Z-Type Heterojunction MnO2@g-C3N4 Photocatalyst-Activated Peroxymonosulfate for the Removal of Tetracycline Hydrochloride in Water

Author:

Lu Guanglu1,Li Xinjuan1,Lu Peng1,Guo He2,Wang Zimo3,Zhang Qian1,Li Yuchao4,Sun Wenbo1,An Jiutao1ORCID,Zhang Zijian1

Affiliation:

1. College of Resources and Environment Engineering, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo 255000, China

2. Department of Environmental Engineering, College of Biology and the Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China

3. Department of Marine Engineering, Jimei University, Xiamen 361021, China

4. Research Institute of Clean Chemical Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo 255049, China

Abstract

A Z-type heterojunction MnO2@g-C3N4 photocatalyst with excellent performance was synthesized by an easy high-temperature thermal polymerization approach and combined with peroxymonosulfate (PMS) oxidation technology for highly efficient degrading of tetracycline hydrochloride (TC). Analysis of the morphological structural and photoelectric properties of the catalysts was achieved through different characterization approaches, showing that the addition of MnO2 heightened visible light absorption by g-C3N4. The Mn1-CN1/PMS system showed the best degradation of TC wastewater, with a TC degradation efficiency of 96.97% following 180 min of treatment. This was an approximate 38.65% increase over the g-C3N4/PMS system. Additionally, the Mn1-CN1 catalyst exhibited excellent stability and reusability. The active species trapping experiment indicated •OH and SO4•− remained the primary active species to degrade TC in the combined system. TC degradation pathways and intermediate products were determined. The Three-Dimensional Excitation-Emission Matrix (3DEEM) was employed for analyzing changes in the molecular structure in TC photocatalytic degradation. The biological toxicity of TC and its degradation intermediates were investigated via the Toxicity Estimation Software Test (T.E.S.T.). The research offers fresh thinking for water environment pollution treatment.

Funder

Natural Science Foundation of China

Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province

Publisher

MDPI AG

Subject

Chemical Health and Safety,Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis,Toxicology

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