Enantioselective Toxicity of Tetramethrin to Different Developmental Stages of Zebrafish (Danio rerio)

Author:

Feng Jiqin12,Xu Xintong12,Huang Wenfei3,Gong Honghong2ORCID,Sun Xiaohui4,Liu Jinsong4,Xu Chao2,Liu Weiping5

Affiliation:

1. Zhejiang Environment Technology Co., Ltd., Hangzhou 310000, China

2. College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310032, China

3. Eco-Environmental Science Research & Design Institute of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310007, China

4. Zhejiang Environmental Monitoring Center, Hangzhou 310012, China

5. Key Laboratory of Pollution Exposure and Health Intervention of Zhejiang Province, Interdisciplinary Research Academy (IRA), Zhejiang Shuren University, Hangzhou 310015, China

Abstract

Chiral pesticides exhibit enantioselective differences in processes such as biological absorption, metabolism, and toxic effects. Organisms have different physiological characteristics at different developmental stages. Therefore, conducting enantiomeric toxicity studies at different developmental stages of organisms can help deepen the understanding of the ecological effects of chiral pesticides. This study focused on trans-tetramethrin (Tet) and investigated the enantioselectivity in bioconcentration, developmental toxicity, estrogenic effects, and immunotoxicity of Tet’s racemate ((±)-Tet) and its two enantiomers ((+)-Tet and (−)-Tet) in three developmental stages of zebrafish: embryos, yolk sac larvae, and juveniles. The results showed that Tet exhibited different enantioselectivity in lethal, bioconcentration, and teratogenic effects on zebrafish at different developmental stages. The LC50 value was (+)-Tet > (±)-Tet > (−)-Tet, with embryos being the most sensitive, followed by juveniles and yolk sac larvae. The enantioselective bioconcentration was (±)-Tet > (+)-Tet > (−)-Tet, and the bioconcentration effect was greater in embryos than that in yolk sac larvae and juveniles. Developmental toxicity indicated that (+)-Tet and (±)-Tet had higher teratogenic effects on yolk sac larvae than on embryos. Tet exhibited different enantioselective effects on the expression of zebrafish estrogen-related genes and innate immune-related genes at different developmental stages. These results will contribute to a more comprehensive assessment of the aquatic toxicity and environmental risks of chiral pesticides.

Funder

National Natural Science Foundation of China

Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China

Zhejiang Province Ecological Environment Research and Achievement Promotion Project

Publisher

MDPI AG

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