Affiliation:
1. Research and Development Directorate, Faculty of Sciences, Food and Biotechnology, Technical University of Ambato, Ambato 180207, Ecuador
2. Grupo de Investigación Avanzada en Dirección Empresarial (GIADE), Facultad de Ciencias, Escuela Superior Politécnica del Chimborazo, Riobamba 060106, Ecuador
Abstract
This review delves into the processing of tannery solid waste, emphasizing fleshings and chromium-tanned leather waste. This paper centers on fat recovery, chromium elimination, and protein preservation, aiming to make them apt for animal consumption. This paper also assesses the potential of introducing such recycled products to the global market. Drawing on the literature from the past two decades, sourced comprehensively from Scopus and Web of Science, 36 articles were selected because of their significant contributions from leather production powerhouses such as India and Brazil. Fleshings have shown immense potential as animal feed, and the extraction of tallow and collagen from rawhide trimmings yields up to 98% and 93%, respectively. Fermented tannery fleshings, notably with Enterococcus faecium HAB01, also demonstrate strong antioxidant capabilities. The overarching consensus emphasizes the need for rigorous purification when dealing with chromium-containing wastes, addressing concerns tied to Cr (III) and Cr (VI). Furthermore, raw tannery fleshings stand out as a sustainable, cost-effective, and globally marketable solution for animal feed production.
Funder
Research and Development Directorate, Technical University of Ambato
Subject
Process Chemistry and Technology,Chemical Engineering (miscellaneous),Bioengineering
Reference139 articles.
1. (2023, August 06). OEC—The Observatory of Economic Complexity Animal Food. Available online: https://oec.world/en/profile/hs/animal-food.
2. (2023, August 06). OEC—The Observatory of Economic Complexity Dog or Cat Food (Retail). Available online: https://oec.world/en/profile/hs/dog-or-cat-food-retail?redirect=true.
3. (2023, August 06). OEC—The Observatory of Economic Complexity Food Waste and Animal Feed. Available online: https://oec.world/en/profile/sitc/food-waste-and-animal-feed.
4. Shurson, G.C. (2020). “What a Waste”—Can We Improve Sustainability of Food Animal Production Systems by Recycling Food Waste Streams into Animal Feed in an Era of Health, Climate, and Economic Crises?. Sustainability, 12.
5. Rahmani, M., Azadbakht, M., Dastar, B., and Esmaeilzadeh, E. (2022). Production of Animal Feed from Food Waste or Corn? Analyses of Energy and Exergy. Bioresour. Technol. Rep., 20.