Dynamic Mechanical Properties of Rolled Thin-Walled Steel Plates (TWSPs) Used for W-Beam Guardrails under Low and Medium Strain Rates

Abstract

Accurately considering the dynamic mechanical properties of rolled thin-walled steel plates (TWSPs) under low and medium strain rates is the basis of numerical simulations of W-beam guardrails subjected to vehicle impact. Uniaxial tensile tests were conducted on specimens extracted from different locations (flat TWSPs without cold rolling treatment, and the cross-sectional centers and slopes of rolled TWSPs) and under different strain rates (ε˙ = 0.00025, 0.01, and 50 s−1). Based on experimental and numerical results, the cross-sectional center of a rolled TWSP is recommended as the representative sampling location for uniaxial tensile tests. Additional uniaxial tensile tests with wider strain rates of 10, 100, and 200 s−1 were also conducted on specimens at the recommended sampling location (cross-sectional center) of rolled TWSPs. It was found that the Cowper–Symonds model with parameters of C = 40 s−1 and p = 5 recommend by Symonds significantly overestimated the strain rate effects of the rolled TWSP material in the low and medium strain-rate region. The model with calibrated parameters of C = 4814 s−1 and p = 2.9 was recommended for considering the influences of strain rate effects on the dynamic mechanical properties of rolled TWSP at low to medium strain rates.