Poverty in the Kazakhstan Regions: Assessing the Influence of Key Indicators on Differences in Its Level

Abstract

Modern Kazakhstan is characterized by significant regional socioeconomic differences due to climatic conditions, natural resources, migration, and regional specialization. The persistence of these regional differences can lead to increased stratification of society, social tension, and disruption of the country’s economic stability. These issues have intensified under the influence of Industry 4.0 trends and geopolitical processes in the region. Among the various sources of social inequality, we have chosen to focus on the problem of population poverty in our study. Addressing this problem is crucial for taking a comprehensive approach to addressing regional disparities in social development. The purpose of our study is to determine and assess the features of poverty in the regions of Kazakhstan. Our research methodology is based on evaluating the integral poverty index using four indicators: the share of the population with incomes below the subsistence level, the population under 60 years of age, youth aged 15–17 who are not working or studying, and the unemployment rate in the regions of Kazakhstan. Based on these indicators, we grouped the regions according to their poverty level, identified and compared regional differences, and identified the most vulnerable areas in need of intervention. This approach has enabled us to propose appropriate instruments of state support for different territories and promote inclusive regional development to overcome social imbalances.