A Chronicle of Indonesia’s Forest Management: A Long Step towards Environmental Sustainability and Community Welfare
Author:
Nugroho Hunggul Yudono Setio Hadi1ORCID, Indrajaya Yonky1ORCID, Astana Satria2, Murniati 1, Suharti Sri1, Basuki Tyas Mutiara1, Yuwati Tri Wira1, Putra Pamungkas Buana1, Narendra Budi Hadi1ORCID, Abdulah Luthfy1ORCID, Setyawati Titiek1, Subarudi 3ORCID, Krisnawati Haruni1ORCID, Purwanto 1, Saputra M. Hadi1ORCID, Lisnawati Yunita1, Garsetiasih Raden4, Sawitri Reny1, Putri Indra Ardie Surya Liannawatty Purnamawan1ORCID, Setiawan Ogi1ORCID, Octavia Dona1ORCID, Tata Hesti Lestari1, Savitri Endang1, Abdurachman 1, Akbar Acep1, Bisjoe Achmad Rizal Hak1, Susilo Adi1, Hani Aditya1, Supangat Agung Budi1, Nugroho Agung Wahyu1, Kurniawan Agus1, Junaedi Ahmad1, Yunianto Andhika Silva1, Rianti Anita1, Nugroho Ardiyanto Wahyu1, Sukmana Asep1, Premono Bambang Tejo1, Bastoni 1, Sitepu Bina Swasta1, Winarno Bondan1ORCID, Wiati Catur Budi1, Siregar Chairil Anwar1, Darwo 1, Auliyani Diah1ORCID, Arini Diah Irawati Dwi4ORCID, Pratiwi Dian1, Swestiani Dila1, Wicaksono Donny1, Rachmanadi Dony1, Pujiono Eko1ORCID, Karlina Endang1, Widyati Enny1, Hadi Etik Erna Wati1, Nada Firda Mafthukhakh Hilmya1ORCID, Ansari Fajri1ORCID, Azwar Fatahul1, Njurumana Gerson Ndawa1ORCID, Siappa Hariany1, Gunawan Hendra1, Siahaan Hengki1ORCID, Rachmat Henti Hendalastuti1, Riyanto Heru Dwi1, Kurniawan Hery1, Heriansyah Ika1, Yeny Irma1, Kinho Julianus4, Karmilasanti 1, Kayat 4, Nugraha Luthfan Meilana1, Hanindityasari Luthfi1, Takandjandji Mariana4, Sallata Markus Kudeng1, Mawazin 1, Allo Merryana Kiding1, Yulianti Mira1, Siarudin Mohamad1, Hidayat Muhamad Yusup1, Qirom Muhammad Abdul1, Mukhlisi 4ORCID, Najib Nardy Noerman1ORCID, Humaida Nida1, Sakuntaladewi Niken1, Mindawati Nina1, Wahyuningrum Nining1, Nugroho Nunung Puji1, Heriyanto Nur Muhamad1, Nuralamin 1, Muin Nurhaedah1, Lestari Nurul Silva1, Hidayat Oki4, Pasaribu Parlin Hotmartua Putra1, Pratiwi 1, Purwanto 1, Santosa Purwanto Budi1, Adi Rahardyan Nugroho1, Ramawati 1, Nisaa Ratri Ma’rifatun1, Wahyuningtyas Reni Setyo1, Ura Resti1ORCID, Fauzi Ridwan1, Dewi Rosita1, Kwatrina Rozza Tri1, Nandini Ryke1ORCID, Fahmi Said1, Cahyono Sigit Andy1, Lestari Sri1, Suhartono 1, Ekawati Sulistya5, Indriyanti Susana Yuni1, Wahyuni Tien1, Kalima Titi1, Atmoko Tri4ORCID, Yusnikusumah Tri Rizkiana1, Arifanti Virni Budi1ORCID, Yuskianti Vivi1, Sihombing Vivin Silvaliandra1, Adinugroho Wahyu Catur1ORCID, Isnan Wahyudi1, Kuswanda Wanda4, Halwany Wawan1, Herningtyas Wieke1, Handayani Wuri1ORCID, Hadiyan Yayan1, Rahmila Yulizar Ihrami1
Affiliation:
1. Research Center for Ecology and Ethnobiology, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Jalan Raya Jakarta-Bogor Km 46, Cibinong 16911, Indonesia 2. Research Centre for Behavioral and Circular Economics, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Jalan Gatot Subroto No. 10, Jakarta 12710, Indonesia 3. Research Center for Population, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), JL. Gatot Subroto No. 10, Jakarta 12710, Indonesia 4. Research Center for Applied Zoology, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Jalan Raya Jakarta-Bogor Km 46, Cibinong 16911, Indonesia 5. Research Centre for Society and Culture, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Jl. Gatot Subroto No. 10, Jakarta 12710, Indonesia
Abstract
Indonesia is the largest archipelagic country in the world, with 17,000 islands of varying sizes and elevations, from lowlands to very high mountains, stretching more than 5000 km eastward from Sabang in Aceh to Merauke in Papua. Although occupying only 1.3% of the world’s land area, Indonesia possesses the third-largest rainforest and the second-highest level of biodiversity, with very high species diversity and endemism. However, during the last two decades, Indonesia has been known as a country with a high level of deforestation, a producer of smoke from burning forests and land, and a producer of carbon emissions. The aim of this paper is to review the environmental history and the long process of Indonesian forest management towards achieving environmental sustainability and community welfare. To do this, we analyze the milestones of Indonesian forest management history, present and future challenges, and provide strategic recommendations toward a viable Sustainable Forest Management (SFM) system. Our review showed that the history of forestry management in Indonesia has evolved through a long process, especially related to contestation over the control of natural resources and supporting policies and regulations. During the process, many efforts have been applied to reduce the deforestation rate, such as a moratorium on permitting primary natural forest and peat land, land rehabilitation and soil conservation, environmental protection, and other significant regulations. Therefore, these efforts should be maintained and improved continuously in the future due to their significant positive impacts on a variety of forest areas toward the achievement of viable SFM. Finally, we conclude that the Indonesian government has struggled to formulate sustainable forest management policies that balance economic, ecological, and social needs, among others, through developing and implementing social forestry instruments, developing and implementing human resource capacity, increasing community literacy, strengthening forest governance by eliminating ambiguity and overlapping regulations, simplification of bureaucracy, revitalization of traditional wisdom, and fair law enforcement.
Funder
Yayasan Sarana Wana Jaya
Subject
Nature and Landscape Conservation,Ecology,Global and Planetary Change
Reference418 articles.
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