Three-Dimensional Broadband Electric Field Sensor Based on Integrated Lithium Niobate on Insulator
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Published:2023-01-08
Issue:2
Volume:13
Page:873
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ISSN:2076-3417
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Container-title:Applied Sciences
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language:en
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Short-container-title:Applied Sciences
Author:
Liu Zhao, Qiu Le, Zhao Lan, Luo Lijun, Du Wenhao, Zhang LingjieORCID, Sun Bao, Zhang Zhiyao, Zhang Shangjian, Liu Yong
Abstract
A three-dimensional (3D) electric field sensing scheme is proposed and experimentally demonstrated based on an integrated lithium niobate on insulator (LNOI) platform. The 3D measurement is realized by packing three LNOI-based sensor chips in a triangular-prism-type clamp. For each sensor chip, the optical waveguide has an asymmetrical Michelson interferometer architecture, and the tapered dipole antenna is inclined to the optical waveguide. By finely placing the three sensor chips in the clamp, the three pairs of inclined tapered dipole antennas are mutually orthogonal and can be applied to measure the electric field in three orthogonal polarization directions. The volume of the packaged 3D sensor is 9.5 cm3. In the experiment, a flat response in the frequency range of 10 MHz to 3 GHz is demonstrated. In addition, a 3 × 3 response calibration matrix is obtained and utilized to reduce the measurement error. After calibration, the relative measurement error of the electric field amplitude is smaller than 5.1% for every polarization direction.
Funder
National Key Research and Development Program of China National Natural Science Foundation of China Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities
Subject
Fluid Flow and Transfer Processes,Computer Science Applications,Process Chemistry and Technology,General Engineering,Instrumentation,General Materials Science
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