Prevalence of Enterovirus in Water Consumed in Rural Areas in a State in the Midwest Region of Brazil
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Published:2023-06-21
Issue:13
Volume:15
Page:9886
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ISSN:2071-1050
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Container-title:Sustainability
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language:en
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Short-container-title:Sustainability
Author:
Bordoni Graziela Picciola1ORCID, Barbosa Lucas Candido Gonçalves2ORCID, Oliveira Thais Reis2ORCID, Lima Fernando Santos1ORCID, Goes Viviane Monteiro3, Estrela Mariely Cordeiro3, de Souza Priscila Zanette3, de Oliveira Santos Mônica2ORCID, de Souza Guilherme Rocha Lino4ORCID, Vieira José Daniel Gonçalves1, Scalize Paulo Sérgio5ORCID, Carneiro Lilian Carla1
Affiliation:
1. Institute of Tropical Pathology and Public Health, Federal University of Goiás, 235 Street, Goiânia 74605-050, Brazil 2. Medicine College, Federal University of Goiás, 235 Street, Goiânia 74690-900, Brazil 3. Paraná Institute of Molecular Biology (IBMP), Professor Algacyr Munhoz Mader Street, 3775—Industrial City of Curitiba, Curitiba 81350-010, Brazil 4. Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Goiás, Chácaras California Avenue, Goiânia 74690-612, Brazil 5. School of Civil Engineering, Federal University of Goiás, Q University Street, lt. 1488, bl. A, sl. 7, Goiânia 74605-010, Brazil
Abstract
Individuals in rural communities often obtain water from surface and groundwater sources, where the microbial quality is often unknown. Enteric viruses are among the main pathogenic microorganisms responsible for waterborne disease outbreaks. Thus, the objective of this work was to search for enterovirus in water samples from 25 rural communities. For this, 160 water samples were collected. Detection and quantification of the enterovirus (EV) were performed through molecular tests using the two main amplification reagents for qPCR. The prevalence of EV was identified in 4.4% (7/160) of the samples when Sybr Green® was used, all in groundwater sources. Additionally, EV was found in 9.7% of shallow tubular wells, 3.8% of deep tubular wells, 4.3% of shallow dug wells and 5.9% of spring water. When using TaqMan®, there was no amplification of the EV cDNA. Conclusions: Sybr Green®, being a more accessible reagent, has a greater predilection for molecular tests, but the study showed that Taqman® could suffer less interference from environmental samples, resulting in more reliable values of viral quantification. In this context, the detection of EV in groundwater can help in monitoring the virus in this source, in addition to helping managers of these communities in decision making.
Funder
National Health Foundation
Subject
Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law,Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment,Geography, Planning and Development,Building and Construction
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