Battery Energy Storage System Damper Design for a Microgrid with Wind Generators Participating in Frequency Regulation

Abstract

Ancillary frequency control schemes (e.g., droop control) are used in wind farms to improve frequency regulation in grids with substantial renewable energy penetration; however, droop controllers can have negative impacts on the damping of wind turbine torsional mode, thereby reducing the lifespan of the turbine gearbox. This paper presents a battery energy storage system (BESS) damper to improve the damping of torsional vibrations when using doubly fed induction generators (DFIGs) for frequency regulation in a microgrid. We formulated a linearized model comprising diesel generators, a wind turbine with five-mass drivetrain, and BESS. We also designed a feedforward compensator to deal with phase lag between the BESS damper signal and DFIG torque. The proposed BESS damper was shown to improve the torsional mode damping by moving the eigenvalues for torsional mode leftward to desirable locations on the complex plane. Dynamic simulations performed using MATLAB/SIMULINK demonstrated the efficacy of the proposed BESS torsional mode damping scheme in terms of torsional mode 1 damping performance and frequency response.