Electrification of Biorefinery Concepts for Improved Productivity—Yield, Economic and GHG Performances
Author:
Mesfun Sennai1ORCID, Gustafsson Gabriel2ORCID, Larsson Anton2, Samavati Mahrokh3ORCID, Furusjö Erik14
Affiliation:
1. RISE Research Institutes of Sweden, P.O. Box 5604, 114 86 Stockholm, Sweden 2. Bioshare AB, 655 92 Karlstad, Sweden 3. Department of Energy Technology, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, 100 44 Stockholm, Sweden 4. Division of Energy Science, Luleå University of Technology, 971 87 Luleå, Sweden
Abstract
Demand for biofuels will likely increase, driven by intensifying obligations to decarbonize aviation and maritime sectors. Sustainable biomass is a finite resource, and the forest harvesting level is a topic of ongoing discussions, in relation to biodiversity preservation and the short-term role of forests as carbon sinks. State-of-the-art technologies for converting lignocellulosic feedstock into transportation biofuels achieves a carbon utilization rate ranging from 25% to 50%. Mature technologies like second-generation ethanol and gasification-based processes tend to fall toward the lower end of this spectrum. This study explores how electrification can enhance the carbon efficiency of biorefinery concepts and investigates its impact on energy, economics and greenhouse gas emissions. Results show that electrification increases carbon efficiency from 28% to 123% for gasification processes, from 28% to 45% for second-generation ethanol, and from 50% to 65% for direct liquefaction processes. Biofuels are produced to a cost range 60–140 EUR/MWh-biofuel, depending on the chosen technology pathway, feedstock and electricity prices. Notably, production in electrified biorefineries proves cost-competitive when compared to pure electrofuel (E-fuels) tracks. Depending on the selected technology pathway and the extent of electrification, a reduction in GHG emissions ranging from 75% to 98% is achievable, particularly when powered by a low-carbon electricity mix.
Funder
Förnybara drivmedel och system Swedish Energy Agency f3—Swedish Knowledge Centre for Renewable Transportation Fuels
Subject
Energy (miscellaneous),Energy Engineering and Power Technology,Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment,Electrical and Electronic Engineering,Control and Optimization,Engineering (miscellaneous),Building and Construction
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