Nano-Formulating Besifloxacin and Employing Quercetin as a Synergizer to Enhance the Potency of Besifloxacin against Pathogenic Bacterial Strains: A Nano-Synergistic Approach
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Published:2023-07-16
Issue:14
Volume:13
Page:2083
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ISSN:2079-4991
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Container-title:Nanomaterials
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language:en
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Short-container-title:Nanomaterials
Author:
Al Hagbani Turki1ORCID, Rizvi Syed Mohd Danish1ORCID, Shakil Shazi234ORCID, Lila Amr Selim Abu15ORCID
Affiliation:
1. Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Ha’il, Ha’il 81442, Saudi Arabia 2. King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia 3. Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia 4. Center of Excellence in Genomic Medicine Research, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia 5. Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt
Abstract
The present study applied a nano-synergistic approach to enhance besifloxacin’s potency via nano-formulating besifloxacin on gold nanoparticles (Besi-AuNPs) and adding quercetin as a natural synergistic compound. In fact, a one-pot AuNP synthesis approach was applied for the generation of Besi-AuNPs, where besifloxacin itself acted as a reducing and capping agent. Characterization of Besi-AuNPs was performed by spectrophotometry, DLS, FTIR, and electron microscopy techniques. Moreover, antibacterial assessment of pure besifloxacin, Besi-AuNPs, and their combinations with quercetin were performed on Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Escherichia coli. UV-spectra showed a peak of AuNPs at 526 nm, and the electron microscopy-based size was estimated to be 15 ± 3 nm. The effective MIC50 concentrations of besifloxacin after loading on AuNPs were reduced by approximately 50% against the tested bacterial strains. Interestingly, adding quercetin to Besi-AuNPs further enhanced their antibacterial potency, and isobologram analysis showed synergistic potential (combination index below 1) for different quercetin and Besi-AuNP combinations. However, Besi-AuNPs and quercetin combinations were most effective against Gram-positive S. aureus in comparison to Gram-negative P. aeruginosa and E. coli. Their potent activity against S. aureus has its own clinical significance, as it is one the main causative agents of ocular infection, and besifloxacin is primarily used for treating infectious eye diseases. Thus, the outcomes of the present study could be explored further to provide better medication for eye infections caused by resistant pathogens.
Funder
Deputy for Research and Innovation, Ministry of Education through Initiative of Institutional Funding at University of Ha’il—Saudi Arabia
Subject
General Materials Science,General Chemical Engineering
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