Mitochondrial Function in Healthy Human White Adipose Tissue: A Narrative Review

Author:

Guerrier Lisa1,Malpuech-Brugère Corinne12,Richard Ruddy123,Touron Julianne12

Affiliation:

1. Unité de Nutrition Humaine, Université Clermont Auvergne, INRAe, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France

2. CRNH Auvergne, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France

3. CHU Clermont-Ferrand, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France

Abstract

As ¾ of the global population either have excess or insufficient fat, it has become increasingly critical to understand the functions and dysfunctions of adipose tissue (AT). AT serves as a key organ in energy metabolism, and recently, attention has been focused on white AT, particularly its mitochondria, as the literature evidence links their functions to adiposity. This narrative review provides an overview of mitochondrial functionality in human white AT. Firstly, it is noteworthy that the two primary AT depots, subcutaneous AT (scAT) and visceral AT (vAT), exhibit differences in mitochondrial density and activity. Notably, vAT tends to have a higher mitochondrial activity compared to scAT. Subsequently, studies have unveiled a negative correlation between mitochondrial activity and body mass index (BMI), indicating that obesity is associated with a lower mitochondrial function. While the impact of exercise on AT mitochondria remains uncertain, dietary interventions have demonstrated varying effects on AT mitochondria. This variability holds promise for the modulation of AT mitochondrial activity. In summary, AT mitochondria exert a significant influence on health outcomes and can be influenced by factors such as obesity and dietary interventions. Understanding the mechanisms underlying these responses can offer potential insights into managing conditions related to AT and overall health.

Publisher

MDPI AG

Subject

Food Science,Nutrition and Dietetics

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