Experimental and Numerical Methods for the Evaluation of Sound Radiated by Vibrating Panels Excited by Electromagnetic Shakers in Automotive Applications

Abstract

Numerical simulations are increasingly employed in the automotive industry to optimize the design stage, reduce prototype testing, and shorten the time to market. The aim of the presented research is the development of a fast and reliable method for the prediction of the sound field generated outside a vehicle by vibrating panels under electromagnetic shaker excitation. Despite that multi-physics numerical simulation software already link mechanical vibrations to their acoustic effect, they show a drawback when calculating the exterior sound field produced by a vibrating panel: the presence of a car model to separate front and rear radiations avoiding the acoustic short circuit, and an air volume surrounding it are required, thus increasing the model complexity and calculation time. Both problems can be overcome with the presented methodology: only the mechanical vibration of the panel is solved numerically, and the radiated sound field is then calculated postprocessing, relying on Rayleigh’s integral. At first, the method’s validation is presented through laboratory experiments; then, a real vehicle panel is analyzed. Comparisons between the finite element method (FEM) simulations and experimental measurements showed very good agreement while keeping the calculation time low for both the laboratory and on-vehicle tests.