Abstract
Electric vehicles and energy storage systems are technologies in the stage of intensive development. One of the innovative ways to use electric cars is the Vehicle to Grid (V2G) concept. V2G charging points are characterized by the ability of bidirectional energy flow while charging EV/BEV (Electric Vehicles/Battery Electric Vehicles). In periods of low energy consumption and the presence of the highest shares of renewable sources, the cleanest electricity is drawn from the grid at the lowest prices and stored in a “mobile warehouse”, which is an electric car. During the reported peaks in electricity demand and the presence of high tariffs, the previously stored energy may be sold back to the distribution network operator. Thanks to this application, the technology determines the highest profitability of the system and assigns EV/BEV the ability to manage electricity flows, while improving the energy balance of the economy. The prospects for the spread of V2G have increased along with the growing requirements for domestic economies, closely related to the significant share of renewable energy sources. The vision of connecting EV/BEV with the power grid creates completely new ways of managing energy and makes it possible to build smart agglomerations in line with the Smartcity idea. Especially since Turkey is one of the countries promoting this idea. The scientific aim of the study is to maximize the aggregator’s profits for V2G by creating a coalition with renewable energy producers and combining the capacities of many EVs and offering their total capacities to the electricity markets. The subject of the research was to obtain extensive knowledge about the vehicle–grid interactions taking place in the Turkish power system. For this purpose, an analysis is conducted to determine the optimal preferred operating points and the amount of regulation proposals that maximize the profit of the EV users while satisfying the constraints of each stochastic parameter. The results show the system benefits from the implementation of the algorithms are significant to optimal bidirectional V2G impacts on distribution systems with high penetration of EVs. The research can find practical applications in assessing the role of electric vehicles and their integration in the vehicle–grid system in power systems. At the same time, pointing to the benefits related to the implementation of such solutions for Turkey and other countries in the field of electromobility, stability of energy systems, and energy independence through the possibility of achieving the desired synergy effect.
Subject
Energy (miscellaneous),Energy Engineering and Power Technology,Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment,Electrical and Electronic Engineering,Control and Optimization,Engineering (miscellaneous),Building and Construction
Reference69 articles.
1. Martins, F., Felgueiras, C., Smitkova, M., and Caetano, N. Analysis of Fossil Fuel Energy Consumption and Environmental Impacts in European Countries. Energies, 2019. 12.
2. Schlesinger, J., and Robert, L.H. Getting Real on Wind and Solar. Washington Post, 2020.
3. When the sun don’t shine and the wind don’t blow: Solving the intermittency problem and moving to a zero carbon future;Friesen;Pacific J.,2021
4. Electric vehicles and smart grid interaction: A review on vehicle to grid and renewable energy sources integration;Mwasilu;Renew. Sustain. Energy Rev.,2014
5. Gaseous Pollutants Formation and Their Harmful Effects on Health and Environment;Najjar;Innov. Energy Policies,2011
Cited by
41 articles.
订阅此论文施引文献
订阅此论文施引文献,注册后可以免费订阅5篇论文的施引文献,订阅后可以查看论文全部施引文献
1. Early diagnosis of the causes of Holstein cows’ extinction by polymorphisms BGH-ALUI and BIGF-1-SNABI;PROCEEDINGS OF THE 2ND INTERNATIONAL INTERDISCIPLINARY SCIENTIFIC CONFERENCE “DIGITALIZATION AND SUSTAINABILITY FOR DEVELOPMENT MANAGEMENT: ECONOMIC, SOCIAL, AND ENVIRONMENTAL ASPECTS”;2024
2. Ecological and technological aspects of breeding Karakul sheep in the arid zone of Kazakhstan;PROCEEDINGS OF THE 2ND INTERNATIONAL INTERDISCIPLINARY SCIENTIFIC CONFERENCE “DIGITALIZATION AND SUSTAINABILITY FOR DEVELOPMENT MANAGEMENT: ECONOMIC, SOCIAL, AND ENVIRONMENTAL ASPECTS”;2024
3. The impact of energy on a country’s social and economic development;PROCEEDINGS OF THE 2ND INTERNATIONAL INTERDISCIPLINARY SCIENTIFIC CONFERENCE “DIGITALIZATION AND SUSTAINABILITY FOR DEVELOPMENT MANAGEMENT: ECONOMIC, SOCIAL, AND ENVIRONMENTAL ASPECTS”;2024
4. Private and budgetary return on investment in secondary and higher education in Poland – A case study;PROCEEDINGS OF THE 2ND INTERNATIONAL INTERDISCIPLINARY SCIENTIFIC CONFERENCE “DIGITALIZATION AND SUSTAINABILITY FOR DEVELOPMENT MANAGEMENT: ECONOMIC, SOCIAL, AND ENVIRONMENTAL ASPECTS”;2024
5. Desertification and sustainable land management: The case of black saxaul planting on the drained bottom of the Aral Sea;PROCEEDINGS OF THE 2ND INTERNATIONAL INTERDISCIPLINARY SCIENTIFIC CONFERENCE “DIGITALIZATION AND SUSTAINABILITY FOR DEVELOPMENT MANAGEMENT: ECONOMIC, SOCIAL, AND ENVIRONMENTAL ASPECTS”;2024