A Prominent Streptomyces sp. Biomass-Based Biosorption of Zinc (II) and Lead (II) from Aqueous Solutions: Isotherm and Kinetic

Abstract

Traditional freshwater sources have been over-abstracted in the worldwide crisis of water scarcity. Effluents have extremely high amounts of Zn2+ and Pb2+, according to an investigation of wastewater samples taken from several industrial zones. However, these heavy metals are among the most harmful to both humans and wildlife that are currently known. Streptomyces sp. is utilized in this study as a biosorbent to biosorb Zn2+ and Pb2+ from single and binary aqueous solutions. Several factors, such as biomass concentration (0.25–4 g), metal solution concentration (5–50 mg L−1), solution pH (2–5), and contact time were standardized. Streptomyces sp. biomass was able to extract 93% Pb2+ and 91% Zn2+ from a single and 95% Pb2+ and 97% Zn2+ from a binary metal aqueous solution containing 25 mg L−1 and pH 4. The highest adsorption capacity in both single and binary sorption experiments was determined to be shared by Zn2+ and Pb2+. The biosorbent’s metal adsorption increased from 0.48 to 4.56 mg g−1 for Pb2+ and from 0.21 mg g−1 to 4.65 mg g−1 for Zn2+ when the metals were present singly, and from 0.44 to 4.18 mg g−1 for Pb2+ and from 0.41 mg g−1 to 5.67 mg g−1 for Zn2+ when the metals were present in binary form. The amount of metal ions was raised from 5 to 50 mg L−1. Correlation coefficient (R2) values indicate that the adsorption pattern for Zn2+ and Pb2+ followed Freundlich isotherm R2 > 0.9543 for single and 0.9582 for binary sorption system. In order to remove Zn2+ and Pb2+ from an aqueous solution, Streptomyces sp. is a potential and different source of adsorbents.