Dependency of Pressure Expression towards Formation Pressures during Drilling Operations in Hydrocarbon Wells and Suitable Choice of Pressure Control Method

Abstract

High pressures during drilling with the aim to obtain hydrocarbon formations (oil and natural gas) can cause an uncontrolled eruption. Therefore, it is necessary to look for warning signs of kicks and control the formation strength. The aim of this article is to show a real process of fracture pressures during a gas kick and their possible solutions. The evaluation of the lithological structure of formations and the correct evaluation of seismic measurements are closely related to the issue of fracture pressures. The contribution also includes software data for detailed analysis and calculations of formations pressures. We point out the incorrect calculation of the geological lithology and employ a casing shoe; it is a risky decision to use a formation integrity test as opposed to a leak of the test. Based on theoretical knowledge, we compared and verified the recalculation of pressure coefficients during the gas kick. In our case, we propose possible solutions for cracking a casing shoe. We point out the importance of correct calculations for a safe and economical purpose. In this post, a theoretical example was shown where the system of casings was correctly designed, and based on this, we obtained ideal values of the fracture pressures. In the end, we proposed an algorithm to simplify work procedures during well control to minimize formation pressures against the deposit and casing shoe.