Thorough Understanding and 3D Super-Resolution Imaging for Forward-Looking Missile-Borne SAR via a Maneuvering Trajectory

Author:

Gu Tong1,Guo Yifan2,Zhao Chen3,Zhang Jian4,Zhang Tao5,Liao Guisheng1

Affiliation:

1. Academy of Advanced Interdisciplinary Research, Xidian University, Xi’an 710071, China

2. School of Marine Science and Technology, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an 710071, China

3. State Key Laboratory of Millimeter Wave, Beijing Institute of Remote Sensing Equipment, Beijing 100080, China

4. Tianjin Jinhang Institute of Technical Physics, Tianjin 300300, China

5. AVIC LEIHUA Electronic Technology Research Institute, Wuxi 214063, China

Abstract

For missile-borne platforms, traditional SAR technology consistently encounters two significant shortcomings: geometric distortion of 2D images and the inability to achieve forward-looking imaging. To address these issues, this paper explores the feasibility of using a maneuvering trajectory to enable forward-looking and three-dimensional imaging by analyzing the maneuvering characteristics of an actual missile-borne platform. Additionally, it derives the corresponding resolution characterization model, which lays a theoretical foundation for future applications. Building on this, the paper proposes a three-dimensional super-resolution imaging algorithm that combines axis rotation with compressed sensing. The axis rotation not only realizes the dimensionality reduction of data, but also can expand the observation scenario in the cross-track dimension. The proposed algorithm first focuses on the track-vertical plane to extract 2D position parameters. Then, a compressed sensing-based process is applied to extract reflection coefficients and super-resolution cross-track position parameters, thereby achieving precise 3D imaging reconstruction. Finally, numerical simulation results confirm the effectiveness and accuracy of the proposed algorithm.

Funder

National Natural Science Foundation of China

Central Universities

Natural Science Basic Research Program of Shaanxi

Publisher

MDPI AG

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