A Numerical Analysis of the Hybrid Nanofluid (Ag+TiO2+Water) Flow in the Presence of Heat and Radiation Fluxes

Abstract

The hydrothermal characteristics of (Ag+TiO2+H2O) hybrid nanofluid three dimensional flow between two vertical plates, in which the right permeable plate stretches as well as rotates, are investigated by employing varying magnetic, heat and radiation fluxes. The motion is governed by coupled PDEs (nonlinear) obeying suitable boundary conditions. The PDEs coupled system is transformed to a coupled set of nonlinear ODEs employing appropriate similarity transformation relations. The resultant equations are numerically solved through the bv4c solver. The impact of the changing strength of associated parameters on the flow is investigated graphically and through tables. It has been found that the velocity gradient and velocity initially increase and then decrease with increasing Grashof number values in both the suction and injection cases. The enhancing magnetic field first augments and then lowers the velocity gradient in the presence of radiation source of maximum strength. The increasing strength of injection parameter drops the velocity. The temperature distribution in the fluid increases with the increasing Eckert number, radiation flux and heat strength and nanomaterial concentration, and depreciates with the enhancing injection parameter values and Prandtl number. The Cfx increases with a higher magnetic field magnitude and nanomaterial concentration, and declines with an increasing Grashof number. The results obtained are compared with the available literature in the form of tables.