Urban Biodiversity Index for Trees: A Climate Adaptation Measure for Cities Based on Tree Inventories

Author:

Votsi Nefta-Eleftheria1,Speyer Orestis1ORCID,Michailidou Danai-Eleni1ORCID,Koukoulis Athanasios1,Chatzidiakos Charalampos1,Vandecasteele Ine2,Photiadou Christiana2,Iglesias Jose Miguel Rubio2,Aurambout Jean-Philippe2,Gerasopoulos Evangelos1ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Institute for Environmental Research and Sustainable Development, National Observatory of Athens, I. Metaxa & Vas. Pavlou, P. Penteli (Lofos Koufou), 15236 Athens, Greece

2. European Environment Agency, Kongens Nytorv 6, 1050 Copenhagen, Denmark

Abstract

A historically large percentage of the world’s population has moved to urban areas in the past few decades, causing various negative effects for the environment, such as air, noise, water, and light pollution; land degradation; and biodiversity loss. Under the current climate crisis, cities are anticipated to play an essential part in adaptation strategies to extreme atmospheric events. This study aims at developing indicators at an urban scale that can highlight adaptation progress by investigating relevant data (especially in situ) and statistics at a pan-European level in support of the EU’s strategy for adapting to the impacts of climate change. The proposed indicator, Urban Biodiversity Indicator for Trees (UBI4T), which can be derived from city tree inventories, assesses one essential component of urban biodiversity by computing the proportion of native, alien, invasive, and toxic tree species spatially across a city. According to our findings (applying the UBI4T for Amsterdam and exploring its policy potential for Barcelona), the UBI4T can offer crucial information for decision and policy makers, as well as stakeholders of a city, with the aim of conducting dedicated and effective strategic initiatives to restore, improve, and protect nature in the urban environment, thus contributing to adaptation and resilience to extreme atmospheric events in cities.

Funder

European Environment Agency

Publisher

MDPI AG

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