In Vitro Anti-Inflammatory Potential of Pomegranate Extract (Pomanox®) in a Reconstituted Human Corneal Epithelium Model

Abstract

An in vitro study was conducted using a model of reconstituted human corneal epithelial (SkinEthic™ HCE/Human Corneal Epithelium) to test the modulation of cytokines secretion activity of Pomanox® (PMX), a standardized commercial extract of pomegranate fruit characterized by high punicalagin α + β content. Cell viability and inhibition of the release of interleukin-8 (IL-8) was evaluated in four conditions: negative control, positive inflammatory control with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) from Escherichia coli, positive anti-inflammatory control (LPS plus dexamethasone), and LPS plus PMX after 24 h of culture. The mean (±standard error of mean (SEM)) IL-8 level was 48.7 ± 5.1 pg/mL in the PMX condition vs. 172.7 ± 19.3 and 26.6 ± 1.2 in the LPS from E. coli and negative control, respectively (p < 0.05) and 93.8 ± 8.7 pg/mL in LPS plus dexamethasone (p = 0.165). The percentages of inhibition of IL-8 release were 45.7% for LPS plus dexamethasone and 63.8% for LPS plus PMX. The percentage of cell viability (86%) was also higher for the LPS plus PMX condition. The present findings add evidence to the anti-inflammatory effect of a PMX in an in vitro model of reconstituted corneal epithelial cells.