Survival and Growth of A. aquaticus on Different Food Sources from Drinking Water Distribution Systems

Author:

van Bel Nikki1ORCID,van Lieverloo J. Hein M.23ORCID,Verschoor Antonie M.1,Pap-Veldhuizen Leonie1,Hijnen Wim A. M.13ORCID,Peeters Edwin T. H. M.4ORCID,Wunderer Julia3ORCID

Affiliation:

1. KWR Water Research Institute, Groningenhaven 7, 3433 PE Nieuwegein, The Netherlands

2. Viaeterna, Rijksweg 46, 6581 EN Malden, The Netherlands

3. Evides Water Company, Schaardijk 150, 3063 NH Rotterdam, The Netherlands

4. Aquatic Ecology and Water Quality Management, Wageningen University, Droevendaalsesteeg 3a, 6708 PB Wageningen, The Netherlands

Abstract

Invertebrates, including Asellidae, are part of the natural ecosystem of the drinking water distribution system (DWDS) and are known to cause a nuisance to consumers. In addition, recently, the potential role of the species Asellus aquaticus (L. 1758) in the regrowth of Aeromonas bacteria was published. Aeromonas is included in the Dutch drinking water guidelines as a process parameter, and the guideline values are regularly exceeded. Although neither A. aquaticus nor Aeromonas is associated with health risks, the Evides drinking water utility shows a strong interest in the possible reasons for these exceedances and possible control measures. In surface waters, Asellidae feed mainly on decaying leaves that are abundantly present. These food sources are not present in the DWDS. Therefore, we determined suitable food sources for A. aquaticus in the DWDS. Laboratory experiments show that A. aquaticus individuals survive on biofilm on pipe wall material and loose deposits (sediments) collected from DWDS. Growth and survival rates on these loose deposits were even higher than on the positive control (decaying leaves). As the basis of these loose deposits is inorganic (iron deposits, sand, and pipe particles), the organic matter (living and decaying bacteria, protozoans, fungi, and invertebrates) must be their substrate. These experiments validate hypotheses that Asellidae can grow and survive on organic matter in deposits in DWDS.

Funder

Dutch drinking water companies

Evides Water Company

Publisher

MDPI AG

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