Atmospheric Optical Turbulence Characteristics over the Ocean Relevant to Astronomy and Atmospheric Physics

Abstract

Due to the space and time constraints of turbulence measurement equipment and the experiment scene, it is difficult to obtain the atmosphere refractive index structure constant over the ocean. In this paper, the characteristics of atmospheric optical turbulence in offshore and open ocean conditions are summarized by analyzing the meteorological data obtained from two ocean atmospheric optical parameter field experiments. Because of the influence of land undersurface, the turbulence strength in offshore conditions is roughly the same as that on land and presents different characteristics in open ocean. Compared with the offshore area, the turbulence strength over the open ocean near-surface decreases during the day and increases at night, and the diurnal variation characteristics weaken. The turbulence strength profiles over the offshore area show different characteristics at different times, where the turbulence strength in the morning is higher than that in the evening. By retrieving the meteorological factors affecting the turbulence, it is found that the temperature gradient and wind shear are in good agreement with turbulence strength in both offshore and open ocean areas. Furthermore, the integrated parameters for astronomy and optical telecommunication are derived from profiles over the offshore and open ocean areas. It is of great significance to research the turbulent characteristics of ocean atmosphere for optical transmission and astronomical observations.