New Layered Polythiophene-Silica Composite Through the Self-Assembly and Polymerization of Thiophene-Based Silylated Molecular Precursors

Abstract

A new layered hybrid polythiophene-silica material was obtained directly by hydrolysis and polycondensation (sol-gel) of a silylated-thiophene bifunctional precursor, and its subsequent oxidative polymerization by FeCl3. This precursor was judiciously designed to guarantee its self-assembly and the formation of a lamellar polymer-silica structure, exploiting the cooperative effect between the hydrogen bonding interactions, originating from the ureido groups and the π-stacking interactions between the thiophene units. The lamellar structure of the polythiophene-silica composite was confirmed by X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analyses. The solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), UV-Vis, and photoluminescence spectra unambiguously indicate the incorporation of polythiophene into the silica matrix. Our work demonstrates that using a polymerizable silylated-thiophene precursor is an efficient approach towards the formation of nanostructured conjugated polymer-based hybrid materials.