Simultaneous Voltammetric Determination of Epinine and Venlafaxine Using Disposable Screen-Printed Graphite Electrode Modified by Bimetallic Ni-Co-Metal–Organic-Framework Nanosheets

Abstract

We constructed two-dimensional NiCo-metal–organic-framework (NiCo-MOF) nanosheets based on a facile protocol and then characterized them using multiple approaches (X-ray diffraction (XRD), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), field emission-scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), and N2 adsorption/desorption isotherms techniques). As a sensitive electroactive material, the as-fabricated bimetallic NiCo-MOF nanosheets were employed to modify a screen-printed graphite electrode surface (NiCo-MOF/SPGE) for epinine electro-oxidation. According to the findings, there was a great improvement in the current responses of the epinine because of the appreciable electron transfer reaction and catalytic performance of the as-produced NiCo-MOF nanosheets. Differential pulse voltammetry (DPV), cyclic voltammetry (CV) and chronoamperometry were utilized to analyze the electrochemical activity of the epinine on the NiCo-MOF/SPGE. A linear calibration plot was obtained in the broad concentration range (0.07–335.0 µM) with a high sensitivity (0.1173 µA/µM) and a commendable correlation coefficient (0.9997). The limit of detection (S/N = 3) was estimated at 0.02 µM for the epinine. According to findings from DPV, the electrochemical sensor of the NiCo-MOF/SPGE could co-detect epinine and venlafaxine. The repeatability, reproducibility and stability of the NiCo-metal–organic-framework-nanosheets-modified electrode were investigated, and the relative standard deviations obtained indicated that the NiCo-MOF/SPGE had superior repeatability, reproducibility and stability. The as-constructed sensor was successfully applicable in sensing the study analytes in real specimens.