Do Fungicides Affect Alkaloid Production in Catharanthus roseus (L.) G. Don. Seedlings?

Author:

Purnama Purin Candra12,Hernandez Leonardo Castellanos3ORCID,Verpoorte Robert2ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Jl. Ir. Sutami 36A, Surakarta 57126, Indonesia

2. Natural Product Laboratory, Institute of Biology, Leiden University, Sylviusweg 72, 2333 AG Leiden, The Netherlands

3. Marine Natural Products Group, Department of Chemistry, Universidad Nacional De Colombia, Carrera 45 # 26-85 Edif. Uriel Gutiérrez, Bogota 110110, Colombia

Abstract

The presence of endophytes in plants is undeniable, but how significant their involvement is in the host plant biosynthetic pathways is still unclear. The results reported from fungicide treatments in plants varied. Fungicide treatment in Taxus was found to decrease the taxol content. In Ipomoea asarifolia, Pronto Plus and Folicur treatments coincided with the disappearance of ergot alkaloids from the plant. In Narcissus pseudonarcissus cv. Carlton, a mixture of fungicide applications decreased the alkaloids concentration and altered the carbohydrate metabolism. Jacobaea plants treated with Folicur reduced the pyrrolizidine alkaloids content. There have not been any studies into the involvement of endophytic fungi on alkaloids production of Catharanthus roseus until now. Though there is a report on the isolation of the endophytic fungi, Fusarium oxysporum from C. roseus, which was reported to produce vinblastine and vincristine in vitro. To detect possible collaborations between these two different organisms, fungicides were applied to suppress the endophytic fungi in seedlings and then measure the metabolomes by 1HNMR and HPLC analysis. The results indicate that endophytic fungi were not directly involved in alkaloids biosynthesis. Treatment with fungicides influenced both the primary and secondary metabolism of C. roseus. The systemic fungicides Pronto Plus and Folicur caused an increase in loganin and secologanin levels. In contrast, control samples had higher level of catharanthine and vindoline. This means that fungicide treatments cause changes in plant secondary metabolism.

Funder

Directorate General of Human Resource for Science, Technology and Higher Education of the Ministry of National Education of Indonesia

Publisher

MDPI AG

Subject

Chemistry (miscellaneous),Analytical Chemistry,Organic Chemistry,Physical and Theoretical Chemistry,Molecular Medicine,Drug Discovery,Pharmaceutical Science

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