Optimization of Fungal Dextranase Production and Its Antibiofilm Activity, Encapsulation and Stability in Toothpaste

Abstract

Dextranase catalyzes the degradation of the substrate dextran, which is a component of plaque biofilm. This enzyme is involved in antiplaque accumulation, which can prevent dental caries. The activity of crude dextranase from Penicillium roquefortii TISTR 3511 was assessed, and the maximum value (7.61 unit/g) was obtained at 37 °C and pH 6. The Plackett–Burman design was used to obtain significant factors for enhancing fungal dextranase production, and three influencing factors were found: Dextran, yeast extract concentration and inoculum age. Subsequently, the significant factors were optimized with the Box–Behnken design, and the most suitable condition for dextranase activity at 30.24 unit/g was achieved with 80 g/L dextran, 30 g/L yeast extract and five day- old inoculum. The use of 0.85% alginate beads for encapsulation exhibited maximum dextranase activity at 25.18 unit/g beads, and this activity was stable in toothpaste for three months of testing. This study explored the potential production of fungal dextranase under optimal conditions and its encapsulation using alginate for the possibility of applying encapsulated dextranase as an additive in toothpaste products for preventing dental caries.