Potential Biological Properties of Lycopene in a Self-Emulsifying Drug Delivery System

Author:

Báo Sônia Nair1ORCID,Machado Manuela2,Da Silva Ana Luisa1,Melo Adma2ORCID,Cunha Sara2ORCID,Sousa Sérgio S.2,Malheiro Ana Rita3,Fernandes Rui3ORCID,Leite José Roberto S. A.45ORCID,Vasconcelos Andreanne G.45,Relvas João3,Pintado Manuela2

Affiliation:

1. Laboratório de Microscopia e Microanálise, Departamento de Biologia Celular, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade de Brasília, Campus Universitário Darcy Ribeiro, Asa Norte, Brasília 70910-900, DF, Brazil

2. CBQF—Centro de Biotecnologia e Química Fina—Laboratório Associado, Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica Portuguesa, Rua Diogo Botelho 1327, 4169-005 Porto, Portugal

3. i3S—Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal

4. Núcleo de Pesquisa em Morfologia e Imunologia Aplicada, Área de Morfologia, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Brasília, UnB, Campus Universitário Darcy Ribeiro, Asa Norte, Brasília 70910-900, DF, Brazil

5. People & Science Pesquisa, Desenvolvimento e Inovação Ltda, Brasília 70910-900, DF, Brazil

Abstract

In recent years, lycopene has been highlighted due to its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, associated with a beneficial effect on human health. The aim of this study was to advance the studies of antioxidant and anti-inflammatory mechanisms on human keratinocytes cells (HaCaT) of a self-emulsifying drug delivery system (SEDDS) loaded with lycopene purified from red guava (nanoLPG). The characteristics of nanoLPG were a hydrodynamic diameter of 205 nm, a polydispersity index of 0.21 and a zeta potential of −20.57, providing physical stability for the nanosystem. NanoLPG demonstrated antioxidant capacity, as shown using the ORAC methodology, and prevented DNA degradation (DNA agarose). Proinflammatory activity was evaluated by quantifying the cytokines TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-8, with only IL-8 showing a significant increase (p < 0.0001). NanoLPG showed greater inhibition of the tyrosinase and elastase enzymes, involved in the skin aging process, compared to purified lycopene (LPG). In vitro treatment for 24 h with 5.0 µg/mL of nanoLPG did not affect the viability of HaCaT cells. The ultrastructure of HaCaT cells demonstrated the maintenance of morphology. This contrasts with endoplasmic reticulum stresses and autophagic vacuoles when treated with LPG after stimulation or not with LPS. Therefore, the use of lycopene in a nanoemulsion may be beneficial in strategies and products associated with skin health.

Funder

National Council for Scientific and Technological Development—CNPq

Coordination for the Improvement of Higher-Level Personnel—CAPES

Financier of Studies and Projects—FINEP

Federal District Research Support Foundation—FAPDF

People&Science Pesquisa, Desenvolvimento e Inovação Ltd.a ME, Brazil

National Funds from FCT—Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia

Publisher

MDPI AG

Subject

Chemistry (miscellaneous),Analytical Chemistry,Organic Chemistry,Physical and Theoretical Chemistry,Molecular Medicine,Drug Discovery,Pharmaceutical Science

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