Development of Flow Cytometric Assay for Detecting Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma Related hsa-miR-146b-5p through Toehold-Mediated Strand Displacement Reaction on Magnetic Beads

Abstract

In this work, a simple enzyme-free flow cytometric assay (termed as TSDR-based flow cytometric assay) has been developed for the detection of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC)-related microRNA (miRNA), hsa-miR-146b-5p with high performance through the toehold-mediated strand displacement reaction (TSDR) on magnetic beads (MBs). The complementary single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) probe of hsa-miR-146b-5p was first immobilized on the surface of MB, which can partly hybridize with the carboxy-fluorescein (FAM)-modified ssDNA, resulting in strong fluorescence emission. In the presence of hsa-miR-146b-5p, the TSDR is trigged, and the FAM-modified ssDNA is released form the MB surface due to the formation of DNA/RNA heteroduplexes on the MB surface. The fluorescence emission change of MBs can be easily read by flow cytometry and is strongly dependent on the concentration of hsa-miR-146b-5p. Under optimal conditions, the TSDR-based flow cytometric assay exhibits good specificity, a wide linear range from 5 to 5000 pM and a relatively low detection limit (LOD, 3σ) of 4.21 pM. Moreover, the practicability of the assay was demonstrated by the analysis of hsa-miR-146b-5p amounts in different PTC cells and clinical PTC tissues.