Quantification of Enhydrin and Uvedalin in the Ethanolic Extract of Smallanthus sonchifolius Leaves Validated by the HPLC Method

Abstract

Yacon leaf (Smallanthus sonchifolius, Asteraceae) ethanolic extracts are widely used in herbal medicine preparation for diabetes. They contain two sesquiterpene lactones (enhydrin (1) and uvedalin (2)) as major bioactive compounds. To provide a suitable method of analysis for the extract’s quality control, we developed and validated a simultaneous HPLC-UV method using the compounds as markers. Compounds 1 and 2 were isolated using a freeze crystallization technique followed by a preparative HPLC. Spectrometry data for 1 and 2 were determined and compared to the literature. Chromatographic separation was carried out for 30 min with a mobile phase that used 60% water and 40% acetonitrile and a C18 column (250 × 4.6 mm, 5 µm) as the stationary phase. The flow was set to 1 mL min−1 and detection was conducted at 210 nm. The validation method was conducted according to the ICH guidelines, which included linearity, precision, accuracy, LOD, and LOQ. The calibration curve of both compounds was linear (R 2 > 0.9999), with the limit of detection and quantification as follows, respectively, 0.52 and 1.57 µg/mL for 1, and 0.144 and 0.436 µg/mL for 2. The percentages of recovery and repeatability (%RSD) were, 101.46 and 0.30% for 1, and 97.68 and 0.08% for 2, respectively. The 1 and 2 were 1.67 and 0.88% in the Ykal extract, and 1.26 and 0.56% in the Ycin extract, respectively. The method was found to be linear, precise, accurate, and suitable to be applied for control quality analyses of yacon leaf extract.