Novel Approach to Automated Flow Titration for the Determination of Fe(III)

Abstract

A novel approach to automated flow titration with spectrophotometric detection for the determination of Fe(III) is presented. The approach is based on the possibility of strict and simultaneous control of the flow rates of sample and titrant streams over time. It consists of creating different but precisely defined concentration gradients of titrant and analyte in each successively formed monosegments, and is based on using the calculated titrant dilution factor. The procedure was verified by complexometric titration of Fe(III) in the form of a complex with sulfosalicylic acid, using EDTA as a titrant. Fe(III) and Fe(II) (after oxidation to Fe(III) with the use of H2O2) were determined with good precision (CV lower than 1.7%, n = 6) and accuracy ( | RE | lower than 3.3%). The approach was applied to determine Fe(III) and Fe(II) in artesian water samples. Results of determinations were consistent with values obtained using the ICP–OES reference method. Using the procedure, it was possible to perform titration in 6 min for a wide range of analyte concentrations, using 2.4 mL of both sample and titrant.