Anti-Biofilm Effect of Hybrid Nanocomposite Functionalized with Erythrosine B on Staphylococcus aureus Due to Photodynamic Inactivation

Abstract

Resistant biofilms formed by Staphylococcus aureus on medical devices pose a constant medical threat. A promising alternative to tackle this problem is photodynamic inactivation (PDI). This study focuses on a polyurethane (PU) material with an antimicrobial surface consisting of a composite based on silicate, polycation, and erythrosine B (EryB). The composite was characterized using X-ray diffraction and spectroscopy methods. Anti-biofilm effectiveness was determined after PDI by calculation of CFU mL−1. The liquid PU precursors penetrated a thin silicate film resulting in effective binding of the PU/silicate composite and the PU bulk phases. The incorporation of EryB into the composite matrix did not significantly alter the spectral properties or photoactivity of the dye. A green LED lamp and laser were used for PDI, while irradiation was performed for different periods. Preliminary experiments with EryB solutions on planktonic cells and biofilms optimized the conditions for PDI on the nanocomposite materials. Significant eradication of S. aureus biofilm on the composite surface was achieved by irradiation with an LED lamp and laser for 1.5 h and 10 min, respectively, resulting in a 10,000-fold reduction in biofilm growth. These results demonstrate potential for the development of antimicrobial polymer surfaces for modification of medical materials and devices.