Role of Endogenous Cathepsin L in Muscle Protein Degradation in Olive Flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus) Surimi Gel

Abstract

We investigated the effect of endogenous cathepsin L on surimi gel produced from olive flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus). The amino acid sequences of six proteins predicted or identified as cathepsin L were obtained from the olive flounder genome database, and a phylogenetic analysis was conducted. Next, cathepsin L activity toward N-α-benzyloxycarbonyl-l-phenylalanyl-l-arginine-(7-amino-4-methylcoumarin) (Z-F-R-AMC) was detected in crude olive flounder extract and a crude enzyme preparation. A considerable decrease in the level of myosin heavy chain (MHC) in surimi occurred during autolysis at 60 °C. In contrast, the levels of actin, troponin-T, and tropomyosin decreased only slightly. To prevent protein degradation by cathepsin L, a protease inhibitor was added to surimi. In the presence of 1.0% protease inhibitor, the autolysis of olive flounder surimi at 60 °C was inhibited by 12.2%; the degree of inhibition increased to 44.2% as the inhibitor concentration increased to 3.0%. In addition, the deformation and hardness of modori gel increased as the inhibitor concentration increased to 2.0%. Therefore, cathepsin L plays an important role in protein degradation in surimi, and the quality of surimi gel could be enhanced by inhibiting its activity.