Outdoor Finishing of Intact Male Portuguese Alentejano Pigs on a Sustainable High-Fiber Diet: Impacts on Blood, Growth, Carcass, Meat Quality and Boar Taint Compounds

Author:

Martins José Manuel12ORCID,Varino Ricardo2,Charneca Rui12ORCID,Albuquerque André23ORCID,Garrido Nicolás23ORCID,Neves José12ORCID,Freitas Amadeu12ORCID,Costa Filipa2,Marmelo Carla23ORCID,Ramos Amélia24ORCID,Martin Luísa24ORCID

Affiliation:

1. MED—Mediterranean Institute for Agriculture, Environment and Development & CHANGE—Global Change and Sustainability Institute, Departamento de Zootecnia, ECT—Escola de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade de Évora, Pólo da Mitra, Ap. 94, 7006-554 Évora, Portugal

2. ECO-PIG Consortium, Z.I. Catraia, 3440-131 S. Comba Dão, Portugal

3. MED & CHANGE, Universidade de Évora, 7006-554 Évora, Portugal

4. Departamento de Ciências Agrárias e Tecnologias, Escola Superior Agrária de Coimbra, Bencanta, 3045-601 Coimbra, Portugal

Abstract

This trial evaluated the effect of sex on the blood, growth, carcass, meat quality, and boar taint compounds in male Alentejano (AL) pigs (n = 30). From ~40 to 130 kg LW, castrated (C) and intact pigs (I and IExp groups) were fed commercial diets ad libitum. Between ~130 and 160 kg (slaughter), C and I pigs continued on commercial diets, while IExp were fed an experimental diet containing locally produced pulses and by-products aimed at reducing boar taint. At ~160 kg, blood urea levels were higher in IExp than C pigs, triacylglycerols were lower in both intact groups, and cortisol was lower in IExp. IExp pigs exhibited faster growth, improved feed conversion ratio, carcass higher commercial yield and leaner meat than C pigs. The loin intramuscular fat in intact pigs was lower, less saturated and more polyunsaturated, while total collagen was higher. Fat androstenone content was higher in intact pigs and skatole content was similar across treatments, although they were below threshold values for consumer detection. Finally, although boar taint compounds were low in intact AL pigs raised outdoors, adding pulses and by-products to the experimental diet did not result in a reduction in fat skatole content compared to pigs fed the commercial diet.

Funder

FEDER/COMPETE2020 program of the European Union

National Funds

Publisher

MDPI AG

Subject

General Veterinary,Animal Science and Zoology

Reference86 articles.

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3. Fleishproduktionseigenschaften bei Ebern Kastraten IV: Organoleptische und gaschromatographische Untersuchungen wasserdampfflüchtiger Stoffe des Ruückenspeckes von Ebern;Vold;Maldinger Fra Nor. Landbrukshøgskole,1970

4. Physiological aspects of androstenone and skatole formation in the boar—A review with experimental data;Claus;Meat Sci.,1994

5. Influence of breed and slaughter weight on boar taint prevalence in entire male pigs;Millet;Animal,2011

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