Calcipotriol/Betamethasone Dipropionate for the Treatment of Psoriasis: Mechanism of Action and Evidence of Efficacy and Safety versus Topical Corticosteroids

Abstract

The combined treatment with calcipotriol (Cal) and betamethasone dipropionate (BDP) has emerged as the leading anti-psoriatic topical treatment. Fixed-dose Cal/BDP is available in different formulations, including ointment, gel, foam, and cream. This review examines the mechanism of action of Cal/BDP underlying its therapeutic effect and compiles the evidence regarding its efficacy and safety compared to monotherapy with topical corticosteroids. The dual-action of Cal/BDP targets the inflammatory pathways and abnormal keratinocyte proliferation, both of them fundamental mechanisms of psoriasis pathogenesis. A large number of randomized, double-blind studies support Cal/BDP superiority over topical corticosteroids, demonstrating its broad efficacy across several degrees of psoriasis severity and its capability to provide early significant clinical improvements. This increased efficacy is achieved without negative effects on the safety profile, since the incidence of adverse effects reported with Cal/BDP is usually similar to that of BDP and even lower than that of Cal alone. The combination therapy rapid onset of action, coupled with a simplified dosing regimen, has been identified as crucial for improving long-term adherence and patient outcomes. In conclusion, Cal/BDP is confirmed as a versatile, effective, and convenient option for the patient in psoriasis management.