High-Performance, Easy-to-Fabricate, Nanocomposite Heater for Life Sciences and Biomedical Applications

Author:

Whulanza Yudan12ORCID,Ammar Husein1,Haryadi Deni13,Pangesty Azizah Intan24ORCID,Widoretno Widoretno5,Subekti Didik Tulus5,Charmet Jérôme67ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Indonesia, Depok 16424, Indonesia

2. Research Center for Biomedical Engineering, Universitas Indonesia, Depok 16424, Indonesia

3. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Gunadarma University, Depok 16424, Indonesia

4. Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Indonesia, Depok 16424, Indonesia

5. Research Organization for Health, National Research and Innovation Agency, Central Jakarta 10340, Indonesia

6. School of Engineering HE-Arc Ingénierie, HES-SO University of Applied Sciences Western Switzerland, 2000 Neuchâtel, Switzerland

7. Faculty of Medicine, University of Bern, 3010 Bern, Switzerland

Abstract

Microheaters are used in several applications, including medical diagnostics, synthesis, environmental monitoring, and actuation. Conventional microheaters rely on thin-film electrodes microfabricated in a clean-room environment. However, low-cost alternatives based on conductive paste electrodes fabricated using printing techniques have started to emerge over the years. Here, we report a surprising effect that leads to significant electrode performance improvement as confirmed by the thorough characterization of bulk, processed, and conditioned samples. Mixing silver ink and PVA results in the solubilization of performance-hindering organic compounds. These compounds evaporate during heating cycles. The new electrodes, which reach a temperature of 80 °C within 5 min using a current of 7.0 A, display an overall 42% and 35% improvement in the mechanical (hardness) and electrical (resistivity) properties compared to pristine silver ink electrodes. To validate our results, we use the composite heater to amplify and detect parasite DNA from Trypanosoma brucei, associated with African sleeping sickness. Our LAMP test compares well with commercially available systems, confirming the excellent performance of our nanocomposite heaters. Since their fabrication relies on well-established techniques, we anticipate they will find use in a range of applications.

Funder

PUTI

Publisher

MDPI AG

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